Synagogue, also known as synagogue, is a synagogue for Jews or Samaritans.

The synagogue has a place for prayer (the main sanctuary), possibly with smaller study rooms, sometimes with synagogues and offices. Some people have a separate room for the study of the Pentateuch, called Beth mirash, "the house of learning.".

Synagogues are dedicated spaces for prayer, tanahi (the whole Hebrew Bible including the law) reading, learning and assembly; however, synagogues are not necessary. According to haraka, as long as ten Jews gather together, they can have public worship. Worship can also be carried out alone or together with less than ten people. However, haraka believes that some prayers are public prayers, so they can only be read by folk people. In terms of its specific ritual and ceremonial functions, the synagogue cannot replace the temple of Jerusalem, which has been destroyed for a long time.

Although the synagogue existed for a long time before the destruction of the second temple in A.D. 70, the temple still held a public service centered on the kobano ("sacrifice") brought by kohanim ("priest") in the temple. Jerusalem. In fact, the day of atonement service was an event in which the congregation observed the activities of Cohen gador ("high priest") as they sacrificed and prayed for their own success.

During Babylon's captivity (586-537 BC), members of the Grand Council formalized and standardized the language of Jewish prayer. Before that, people prayed in the way they thought fit. Everyone prayed in their own way. No standard prayer was quoted.

Johanan Ben zakai, one of the leaders at the end of the second temple era, announced the idea of establishing a personal Chapel at any place the Jews found. Many historians believe that despite the destruction of the temple, this has contributed to Jewish continuity by maintaining a unique identity and a portable way of worship.

A pilgrimage church built for a specific purpose, or a room originally built for other purposes but reserved for formal collective prayer, however, existed long before the second temple was destroyed. The earliest archaeological evidence of the existence of the earliest synagogue came from Egypt, and the dedicated inscriptions of the Synagogue in Egypt can be traced back to the third Century B.C., proving the existence of the synagogue. Archaeologists in Palestine and other countries belonging to the Hellenistic world have identified more than a dozen synagogues in the second temple era of Jews (maybe even Samaritans).

Any Jew or group of Jews can build a synagogue. Synagogue is composed of the ancient Jewish king, rich customers, a wide range of human institutions (including secular education institutions, government and hotels), the whole Jewish community living in a specific location or by its sub groups. Jews are ranked according to occupation, race (i.e. urban Sephardic, polish or Persian Jews), style of religious belief (i.e. reformed or orthodox synagogue), or followers of a particular rabbi.

In theory, synagogues became places of worship in Palestine after the destruction of the second temple during the first Jewish Roman war. However, others speculated that there were other places of prayer besides the temple during the Hellenistic period. In the years before the destruction of the second temple in 70 A.D., the Popularization Based on sacrifice prayer was ready for the Jewish life in exile, where prayer would become the focus of Jewish worship.

Although there may be space similar to synagogue before the first Jewish Roman war, synagogue is still the place where Jews worship after the temple is destroyed. For Jews living after the uprising, the function of synagogue is "portable worship system". In synagogues, Jews worship by means of prayer rather than sacrifice, which used to be the main form of worship in the second temple.