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Orangutans (also spelled as orang utan, orang utang or orang utang) [3] are two unique Asian species of existing gorillas. Orangutans, native to Indonesia and Malaysia, are found only in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans are considered a species. Since 1996, they have been divided into two kinds: P. pygmaeus and P. abeli. In addition, the Borneo species are divided into three subspecies.
According to genome sequencing, the two existing chimpanzee species apparently differentiated 400, 000 years ago. Orangutans are also the only surviving species of the ponginae family, including several other species, such as three extinct species of the genus gigatopithecus, including the largest known primate, gigatopithecus blackI. The ancestors of the ponginae subfamily came from the main ape lineage in Africa 16 to 19 million years ago (Mya) and spread to Asia.
Orangutans are the most arboreal trees among apes, and spend most of their time on trees. Their hair is usually reddish brown, not the usual brown or black hair of chimpanzees and gorillas. Males and females differ in size and appearance. The dominant adult male has a unique cheek and a long call to attract females and intimidate opponents. Young men do not have these characteristics, but are similar to adult women. Chimpanzees are the loneliest of the gorillas, with social ties between mothers and their offspring, who remain together for the first two years. Fruit is the most important part of chimpanzee diet. But apes also eat plants, bark, honey, insects and even eggs. They can live in the wild and in captivity for more than 30 years.
Orangutans are one of the most intelligent primates. They use a variety of sophisticated tools to build exquisite sleeping nests from branches and leaves every night. The learning ability of apes has been studied extensively. There may even be a unique culture in the crowd. The field study of apes was initiated by primatologist birut. Gardicas. Both species are considered critically endangered. Human activities have led to a serious reduction in the population and range of the two species. Threats to wild gorilla populations include poaching, habitat destruction and illegal pet trade. Some conservation and rehabilitation organizations are dedicated to the survival of orangutans in the wild.
