Balloons are flexible bags that can be inflated with gases such as helium, hydrogen, nitrous oxide, oxygen or air. Modern balloons are made of materials such as rubber, latex, polychloroprene or nylon fabric, and can come in many colors. Some early balloons were made from dry animal bladder, such as pig bladder. Some balloons are used for decorative or recreational purposes, while others are used for practical purposes, such as meteorology, medical treatment, military defense or transportation. The characteristics of balloons, including low density and low cost, have led to a wide range of applications.

Rubber balloons were invented by Michael Faraday in 1824 in experiments with various gases.

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